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Auto insurance

Auto insurance in Canada is regulated by the province you live in, not by Ottawa. Three provinces sell you the basic policy themselves. Québec splits it in two. Everywhere else it is a private market. We start by telling you which one you are in.

Three ways Canada insures a car.

Public3 provinces and territories

Public insurer

The compulsory basic policy comes from a Crown corporation. A broker places everything above it, and in these provinces a broker sells you the basic layer as well.

Hybrid1 province

Split system

Bodily injury sits with the SAAQ regardless of fault. The vehicle and your liability to others sit with the private market.

Private9 provinces and territories

Private market

Insurers compete and rates are filed with a provincial regulator. This is where a broker can genuinely move you.

Provinces and territories

All thirteen, in detail.

System, basic insurer, rate oversight, broker licensing, minimum liability and proof of insurance. Pick your province above and we will highlight it.

Alberta

Private

Private market. Basic rates for most drivers move inside the grid the Automobile Insurance Rate Board approves, which is why two Alberta quotes for the same driver can sit closer together than you would expect.

Basic insurer
No public insurer
Minimum liability
$200,000
Proof of insurance
Pink card, paper or electronic
Rate oversight
Automobile Insurance Rate Board
Broker licensing
Alberta Insurance Council

British Columbia

Public

Public. Basic Autoplan comes from ICBC and nowhere else, under the Enhanced Care model that has been in place since May 2021. Optional coverage above basic can come from ICBC or a private insurer, and your Autoplan broker sells both.

Basic insurer
ICBC
Minimum liability
$200,000
Proof of insurance
Autoplan papers and the decal on your plate
Rate oversight
BC Utilities Commission
Broker licensing
Insurance Council of British Columbia

Manitoba

Public

Public. Basic Autopac is compulsory and comes from Manitoba Public Insurance. Extension coverage, higher liability limits and a lower deductible are bought through an Autopac agent, which is where a broker earns their keep.

Basic insurer
MPI
Minimum liability
$200,000
Proof of insurance
Autopac certificate issued with your registration
Rate oversight
Public Utilities Board of Manitoba
Broker licensing
Insurance Council of Manitoba

New Brunswick

Private

Private market, with rates filed to the New Brunswick Insurance Board. Coastal storm exposure now drives as much of a Maritime quote as driving record does.

Basic insurer
No public insurer
Minimum liability
$200,000
Proof of insurance
Pink card
Rate oversight
New Brunswick Insurance Board
Broker licensing
Financial and Consumer Services Commission

Newfoundland and Labrador

Private

Private market. Comprehensive claims here skew heavily toward wind, water and wildlife, so the coverage conversation is rarely about collision alone.

Basic insurer
No public insurer
Minimum liability
$200,000
Proof of insurance
Pink card
Rate oversight
Board of Commissioners of Public Utilities
Broker licensing
Office of the Superintendent of Insurance

Nova Scotia

Private

Private market, and the one province where the statutory minimum third-party liability is $500,000 rather than $200,000.

Basic insurer
No public insurer
Minimum liability
$500,000
Proof of insurance
Pink card
Rate oversight
Nova Scotia Utility and Review Board
Broker licensing
Office of the Superintendent of Insurance

Northwest Territories

Private

Private market. Distance to the nearest approved repair shop, and the cost of getting a vehicle there, is a real underwriting factor north of 60.

Basic insurer
No public insurer
Minimum liability
$200,000
Proof of insurance
Pink card
Rate oversight
Office of the Superintendent of Insurance
Broker licensing
Office of the Superintendent of Insurance

Nunavut

Private

Private market, and a small one. Placing a Nunavut policy usually means working the specialty markets rather than the household names.

Basic insurer
No public insurer
Minimum liability
$200,000
Proof of insurance
Pink card
Rate oversight
Office of the Superintendent of Insurance
Broker licensing
Office of the Superintendent of Insurance

Ontario

Private

Private market. Every Ontario policy carries statutory accident benefits, and damage caused by another driver is settled through direct compensation for property damage, which means you claim from your own insurer.

Basic insurer
No public insurer
Minimum liability
$200,000
Proof of insurance
Pink card, paper or electronic
Rate oversight
Financial Services Regulatory Authority of Ontario
Broker licensing
Registered Insurance Brokers of Ontario (RIBO)

Prince Edward Island

Private

Private market. The smallest auto market in the country, which makes the difference between two quotes unusually wide for such a small province.

Basic insurer
No public insurer
Minimum liability
$200,000
Proof of insurance
Pink card
Rate oversight
Island Regulatory and Appeals Commission
Broker licensing
Office of the Superintendent of Insurance

Québec

Hybrid

Hybrid, and the arrangement that surprises people who move here. Injuries are covered by the SAAQ, a public plan funded through your licence and registration, no matter who was at fault. Damage to the vehicle and liability for damage to others is private, which is the part you buy from a broker. The statutory minimum civil liability is $50,000 because bodily injury is already handled publicly.

Basic insurer
SAAQ (bodily injury only)
Minimum liability
$50,000
Proof of insurance
Insurance certificate carried in the vehicle
Rate oversight
Autorité des marchés financiers
Broker licensing
Autorité des marchés financiers (AMF)

Saskatchewan

Public

Public. Basic coverage rides on your plate through the SGI Auto Fund, bought at a motor licence issuer, and Saskatchewan drivers get a choice most Canadians do not: the no-fault plan or the tort plan. Extra liability and lower deductibles are private and brokered.

Basic insurer
SGI
Minimum liability
$200,000
Proof of insurance
Registration certificate issued by a motor licence issuer
Rate oversight
Saskatchewan Rate Review Panel
Broker licensing
Insurance Councils of Saskatchewan

Yukon

Private

Private market. Highway distance and wildlife collisions carry more weight in a Yukon quote than anything that happens in a city.

Basic insurer
No public insurer
Minimum liability
$200,000
Proof of insurance
Pink card
Rate oversight
Office of the Superintendent of Insurance
Broker licensing
Office of the Superintendent of Insurance

What it covers

Third-party liability

What you owe someone else after an at-fault collision. The statutory minimum is $200,000 in most of Canada, $500,000 in Nova Scotia and $50,000 in Québec, where bodily injury sits with the SAAQ. Most of the drivers we place carry $1 million or $2 million, because a minimum limit and a serious injury claim are not in the same order of magnitude.

Accident benefits

Medical care, rehabilitation and income replacement after a collision, regardless of fault. In Ontario these are the statutory accident benefits and the optional increases are worth a real conversation. In Québec the SAAQ handles this and it is already paid through your licence and registration.

Collision

Damage to your own vehicle when you hit something, or something hits you and nobody else is paying. Subject to your deductible.

Comprehensive

The other ways a Canadian vehicle gets damaged: hail on the Prairies, a deer on a Yukon highway, theft in a Brampton driveway, a falling branch during an ice storm, fire, vandalism, flood.

Direct compensation for property damage

In Ontario, Québec and several other provinces, damage caused by another driver is settled by your own insurer rather than theirs. It is faster, and it is the reason your insurer pays you even when the collision was not your fault.

Endorsements worth having

Depreciation waiver on a new vehicle, transportation replacement while yours is in the shop, a family protection endorsement that steps in when the other driver is underinsured, and accident forgiveness on a clean record.

About the deductible. Your deductible is the amount you pay before your insurer pays. Moving from $500 to $1,000 typically trims a Canadian auto premium by roughly five to ten per cent. It is a good trade only if you can find the extra $500 on the day of the claim, in February, without borrowing it.

What it does not cover

Tell us your province and we will show you what you are actually buying, what is already public, and what a broker can improve.

  • Wear, tear and mechanical breakdown. That is a warranty, not a policy.
  • Driving for a ride-hailing or delivery platform on a personal policy. Tell us and we will endorse it properly.
  • Racing, and any use on a closed course.
  • A driver you did not disclose. The unlisted-driver conversation is the one that ends claims.

Questions about auto.

Which provinces have public auto insurance?

British Columbia, Saskatchewan and Manitoba each run a government insurer that writes the compulsory basic coverage: ICBC, the SGI Auto Fund and Basic Autopac from Manitoba Public Insurance.

Québec is a hybrid. Bodily injury is covered by the SAAQ, a public plan funded through licence and registration fees. Damage to vehicles and liability for damage to others stays private.

Ontario, Alberta, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Labrador, Yukon, the Northwest Territories and Nunavut are private markets.

If my province has public auto insurance, why would I use a broker?

Because basic coverage is a floor, not a policy. Higher liability limits, a lower deductible, replacement cost on a newer vehicle and coverage while you drive in the United States all sit above the basic layer.

In British Columbia that layer is placed through an Autoplan broker and can come from ICBC or a private insurer. In Saskatchewan it is bought through a motor licence issuer. In Manitoba it is bought through an Autopac agent. In all three, a broker is the channel.

Is the pink card still valid, and can it be on my phone?

In private-market provinces the pink liability card remains your proof of insurance, and electronic versions are accepted in Ontario, Alberta and most other jurisdictions.

In British Columbia your proof is your Autoplan papers and the decal on your plate. In Saskatchewan it is your registration certificate. In Manitoba it is the Autopac certificate issued with your registration. There is no pink card to carry.

I am moving to another province. Does my policy move with me?

Not automatically, and in some cases not at all. Auto insurance is governed by provincial statute, so a policy written in Ontario cannot simply be re-addressed to Winnipeg.

Start the conversation four to six weeks before the move. We arrange the new policy to start the day the old one ends, because a gap in your coverage history costs real money at the next renewal.

All questions

Tell us your province. The rest follows.

A ten minute request, a named broker, and an answer that starts with what your province already covers.